Introduction to Fluids - Part 1 and Part 2

*The PART 1 questions should be completed and submitted to Mr. Mak BEFORE March break.
*PART 2 questions should be done by the end of our first week back after March Break
*All students are welcome to sign out a copy of the Fluids mini-textbook overnight, if needed.


*All Water Filtration Lab Reports should be handed-in BEFORE March Break, if not already submitted

Introduction to Fluids Assignment - Part 1

*Use mini-textbooks (Fluids) to answer each question in your Science journal. Page hints are given in brackets. Work will be checked and marked.

1. Which two states of matter are considered fluids. (p. 8)
2. In your own words, define flow rate. (p. 8)
3. In your own words define aerodynamics. (p. 8)
4. In your own words, define hydrodynamics. (p. 8)
5. Complete the sentence: Fluids, such as liquids and gases, fill whatever _________________________. (p. 9)
6. Jot down three key ideas from the particle theory of matter. (p.9)
7. In a solid, particles are __________ together, which makes the forces of attraction between particles _____________. (p. 9)
8. In liquids, particles are moving __________ rapidly than in solids. This results in forces of attraction between particles that are _____________________. (p. 9)
9. In gases, particles are very far ______________, which means that forces of attraction between particles are very ___________________. (p. 9)
10. Explain, in your own words, the difference between laminar and turbulent flow in fluids such as water or air. (p. 10/figure 1)
11. Give one real-world example of laminar and turbulent flow. (p. 10/11)
12. Briefly explain one or two uses for wind tunnels in the real world. (p. 11)
13. Define, in your own words, what viscosity means.
14. If a liquid is “thick” and does not flow well (low flow rate), it has ______________ viscosity. (p. 12)
15. If a liquid is “thin” and flows well (high flow rate), it has _________________ viscosity. (p. 12)
16. Give two real-world examples of fluids with high viscosity and two with low viscosity, that are not mentioned on page 12 of the text.
17. Low viscosity means a fluid will have a _____________(fast/slow) flow rate. (p. 12)
18. High viscosity means a fluid will have a _____________ (fast/slow) flow rate. (p. 12)
19. Define, in your own words, what mass is. (p. 18)
20. List several common units for measuring mass. (p. 18)
21. Define, in your own words, what weight is. (p. 18)
22. What are the most common units for weight? (p. 18)
23. Will an object’s weight change in different parts of the universe? Explain. (p. 19)
24. Define volume, in your own words. (p. 18)
25. List three common units for volume. (p. 18)
26. Clearly explain how mass and weight of an object compare on Earth and the moon. (p. 18/figure 1)
27. The formula for calculating the volume of rectangular solids is: __________. (p. 19)
28. Irregular solids can be measured by a technique known as _____________. (p. 19)
29. Briefly explain how measuring smaller and larger irregular objects using displacement works. (p. 19)

For fun: One of life's great mysteries, revealed...

https://ed.ted.com/lessons/why-is-ketchup-so-hard-to-pour-george-zaidan



See what you weigh on different planets!
https://www.nyu.edu/pages/mathmol/textbook/weightvmass.html

Viscosity Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6spBkVeQ4w


Density column experiment:
https://www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/seven-layer-density-column/

Introduction to Fluids Assignment - Part 2

1. Density involves comparing the ___________ of two or more fluids, when you have the same _____________ of each one. (p. 22)
2. Explain what happens when oil is poured into a cup of water. Why does this occur? (p. 22)
3. Density is defined as the amount of __________ of a substance per unit of ___________. (p. 22)
4. List three common units for density. (p. 22)
5. Write down the formula for density. (p. 22)
6. Use the formula to solve the following: A fluid has a mass of 500kg. The volume of the fluid is 25m cubed. What is the density of the fluid? Include proper units. (p. 22)
7. Use table 1 on page 22 to rank the density of the following fluids: vegetable oil, gasoline, mercury, helium, sea water.
8. Which substance in table 1 is most dense? Least dense?
9. Which of the following woods would you use if constructing a very lightweight project: birch, pine or balsa. Briefly explain your thinking. (p. 22)
10. Use table 1 to explain why a helium balloon will fly away if released into air. (p. 22)
11. Alcohol, glycerol, water and gas are all placed into a tall glass. Make a quick, labelled sketch to show how they would arrange themselves from top to bottom. (p. 22)
12. Water has a density of 1.0 g/ml. If you put an object with a density of 1.3 g/ml into a cup of water, will it sink or float? Briefly explain. (p. 23)
13. Every ________________ on Earth has a specific _____________. (p. 26)
14. __________ have the greatest densities because their particles are tightly packed together. ___________ have “medium” densities because their particles are somewhat spread out and ___________ have the lowest densities because they have the most space between their particles. (p. 26)
15. One exception of a liquid that is more dense than some solids is __________. (p. 26)
16. What is more dense, liquid water or solid water (ice)? Briefly explain why. (p. 26)
17. Approximately what percentage of an iceberg is found underwater? Why is this dangerous for passing ships? (p. 27)
18. In your own words, define buoyancy. (p. 28)
19. In addition to the upward force of buoyancy, what other downwards force is exerted on objects in a fluid? (p. 28)
20. Try to restate Archimedes’ principle, in your own words. (p. 29)
21. Make a quick, labeled sketch to show the difference between positive, neutral and negative buoyancy. Include arrows to show the direction of buoyant force and gravity for each. (p. 31)
22. Briefly explain what ballast is. (p. 35)
23. Briefly explain how ballast helps ships and submarines with stability and buoyancy. (p. 35)
24. Answer page 35 #1.
25. Answer page 35 #2.
26. Answer page 35 question “e.”
27. Explain what happens to the density of a fluid when it is heated and when it is cooled. (p. 38)
28. Explain what happens to the viscosity of a fluid when it is heated and when it is cooled. (p. 38)
29. Copy and complete table 2 on page 39.
30. Complete page 39 #5.
31. Complete page 39 #6.
    
    
    
    
    Archimedes' Principle:
    https://ed.ted.com/lessons/mark-salata-how-taking-a-bath-led-to-archimedes-principle